Sains Malaysiana 53(3)(2024): 549-559
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5303-06
Evaluation of Lentiviral Based Gene Delivery System in Adherent and Suspension in vitro Cell
Models
(Penilaian Sistem Angkut Serang Gen Berasaskan Lentivirus dalam Model Sel Adheren dan Ampaian secara in vitro)
IZYAN MOHD IDRIS1,2, FAZLINA NORDIN1,*, NUR JANNAIM MUHAMAD2, SITI ZULEHA
IDRIS3, GEE JUN TYE4, WAN SAFWANI WAN KAMARUL ZAMAN5 & MIN HWEI NG1
1Centre
for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2Institute
for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of
Health Malaysia, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
3Immunology
Unit, Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University
Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
4Institute
for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 USM Penang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
5Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 6 April 2023/Diterima: 9 Februari2024
Abstract
Lentiviruses
are a highly robust gene delivery system capable of in vitro and in
vivo gene transfer into multiple cell types. Recent fourth-generation lentiviral systems have been designed for enhanced safety,
however, the increased recombination events required to produce infective lentiviral particles may reduce production efficiency. A
set protocol for all types of target cells is not recommended and optimization
of conditions for gene transfer into different target cells is required. In
this study, we aim to evaluate the efficiency and reproducibility of lentiviral production using a fourth-generation lentiviral packaging system and identify optimal parameters
for successful transduction in two different cell models, adherent and
suspension cells. Lentiviral production, effect of
viral volume, sustained gene expression and transduction adjuvants on adherent
and suspension gene- cell models were evaluated. Transfection and transduction
efficiency of lentiviruses was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and flow
cytometry. This study demonstrates that production of green fluorescent protein
(GFP)- lentiviruses using the fourth-generation lentiviral packaging is consistent and reproducible. Optimal transduction of adherent cell
types is achieved at lower multiplicity of infection (MOI) compared to
suspension cells and produces GFP-expressing cells with higher intensity.
Expression of GFP is sustained in all cell types over multiple passages. Polycation DEAE-dextran was determined to improve
transduction in suspension cells, however, provides similar transduction
efficiency as polybrene in adherent cells. In
conclusion, fourth generation lentiviral system
reproducibly generates high titre lentiviruses capable of infecting multiple
cell types, however transduction protocols for different cell types require
further optimization.
Keywords: Gene transfer; in vitro model; lentivirus
Abstrak
Lentivirus merupakan kaedah pemindahan gen yang sangat teguh yang mampu memindahkan gen secara in
vitro dan in vivo kepada pelbagai jenis sel. Sistem lentivirus generasi keempat yang terbaharu, direka untuk mempertingkatkan keselamatan, walau bagaimanapun, bilangan keadaan rekombinasi yang diperlukan bagi menghasilkan zarah lentivirus berjangkit boleh mengurangkan kecekapan pengeluaran. Protokol yang ditetapkan untuk semua jenis sel tidak digalakkan dan pengoptimuman keadaan bagi pemindahan gen ke dalam sel sasaran yang berbeza diperlukan. Dalam penyelidikan ini, kami berhasrat untuk menilai kecekapan dan kebolehulangan pengeluaran lentivirus menggunakan sistem lentiviral generasi keempat dan mengenal pasti parameter optimum bagi transduksi yang berjaya dalam dua model sel yang berbeza iaitu sel adheren dan sel ampaian. Penghasilan lentivirus, kesan isi padu virus, pengekspresan gen
yang berterusan dan adjuvan transduksi pada model sel adheren atau ampaian telah dinilai. Kecekapan pemindahan dan transduksi lentivirus dinilai oleh mikroskop pendarfluor dan sitometri aliran. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pengeluaran lentivirus ‘green fluorescent protein’ (GFP) menggunakan pembungkusan lentiviral generasi keempat adalah tekal dan boleh dihasilkan semula. Transduksi optimum jenis sel adheren dicapai pada kegandaan jangkitan (MOI) yang lebih rendah berbanding sel ampaian dan menghasilkan sel yang mengekspresi GFP dengan keamatan yang tinggi. Ekspresi GFP dikekalkan dalam semua jenis sel yang melalui pemindahan. Polycation DEAE-dextran didapati telah meningkatkan transduksi dalam sel ampaian, walau bagaimanapun, ia menghasilkan kecekapan yang sama seperti polibren dalam sel adheren. Kesimpulannya, sistem lentivirus generasi keempat mempunyai kebolehulangan dalam menghasilkan titer lentivirus tinggi yang mampu menjangkiti pelbagai jenis sel, namun protokol bagi transduki bagi jenis sel berbeza memerlukan pengoptimuman selanjutnya.
Kata kunci: in vitro; lentivirus; pemindahan gen
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: nordinf@ppukm.ukm.edu.my
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